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Saturday, 15 November 2008 |
This Philippine Migration and Development Statistical Almanac is a result of three years of monitoring, compiling, and eventually harmonizing statistics on Filipinos’ international migration by the Institute for Migration and Development Issues (IMDI). The Almanac is also a fitting tribute to the hardworking women and men within the government—from both statistical and non-statistical agencies—who have dutifully encoded and compiled raw and processed data surrounding overseas Filipinos for the general public’s benefit.
The Migration and Development Statistical Almanac attempts to present data from administrative sources, as well as data from surveys and other selected quantitative studies, on Filipinos’ international migration and development. The data here flesh out the positive and negative consequences surrounding the overseas migration phenomenon to both the Philippines and to the countries where Filipinos go to.
The Almanac does not aim to immediately make sense of the various data here. The publication rather presents these various datasets, regardless of where the data came from and the variances of such data. Government data-crunchers themselves, for decades now, have yet to determine a way to address these variances.
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Thursday, 18 December 2008 |
How this Statistical Almanac was developed
The world now lives in an era of what experts call “international migration and development.” Now that the movement of people is a visible development issue worldwide, all the more that the Philippines must have available statistics on overseas Filipinos that are then analyzed with identified socio-economic development indicators.
The Institute for Migration and Development Issues started compiling datasets on overseas Filipinos when it was technical editor of a government publication called the Fourth State of the Philippine Population Report (SPPR4), the report, still to be released by the Commission on Population (PopCom)), was a first attempt to look at Filipinos’ international migration from the standpoint of demography—with migration both internal and international, among the three processes in demography.
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Saturday, 15 November 2008 |
The reader is advised to take note of the strengths and limitations of the datasets here on Filipinos international migration, or even the international datasets on international migration and migrants’ remittances. Many datasets are often missing, lagging, or lacking in cross-country comparability. Capturing data on irregular or undocumented migration remains a big challenge (World Bank, 2008). On a global scale, datasets on international migration movements have their own limitations (Michael Clemens, 2008).
Data on Filipinos’ international migration: the migrant abroad and migrant households
These datasets cover the three types of international migration movements by Filipinos (in Commission on Filipinos Overseas, 2008):
- Permanent migrants – These refer to Filipino migrants and legal permanent residents abroad. Permanent migrants may be Filipinos who are Filipino citizens, who are Philippine passport holders, or who have been naturalized citizens in the host country. Popular labels to these kinds of migrants are “immigrants” and “emigrants”. Filipino or Filipina spouses who have married foreign partners and have settled overseas are part of this group.
- Temporary migrants – These refer to Filipinos whose stay overseas, while regular and properly documented, is temporary. This is owed to the employment-related nature of their status in host countries. Temporary migrants include contract workers, intra-company transferees, students, trainees, entrepreneurs, businessmen, traders, and others whose stay abroad is six months or more. These migrants are popularly referred to as “overseas contract workers (OCWs)” or “overseas Filipino workers (OFWs)”.
- Irregular migrants – These are migrants whose stay abroad is not properly documented. They also do not have valid residence and work permits; they may also be overstaying workers or tourists in a foreign country. Migrants belonging to this category shall have been in such status for six months or more. A related label to these migrants is “undocumented migrants”. In Filipino parlance, these migrants are called “TNTs” (tago ng tago, or “always in hiding”).
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Limitations of the Data in this Statistical Almanac |
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Thursday, 18 December 2008 |
International migration statistics in the Philippines are not perfect—a fact that data-crunchers in the government agencies that develop such data have themselves admitted. The Philippines has tried its best to develop the best possible set of international migration statistics amid observations that capturing and generating such statistics from a population process called international migration is difficult.
Statistics presented in this Migration and Development Statistical Almanac all the more have their limitations.
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Survey: Stakeholders’ Views on the Migration and Development Data that they Need |
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Thursday, 18 December 2008 |
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Academics and demographers belonging to a nonprofit grant-making foundation, the Philippine Center for Population and Development (PCPD), have suggested that the Institute for Migration and Development Issues should hear the views of various stakeholders to know the kind of international migration and development data that they need. Knowing these stakeholders’ data needs will make the Statistical Almanac more useful to them. |
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Thursday, 18 December 2008 |
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BID
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Bureau of Immigration and Deportation
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BSP
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Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Philippines' Central Bank)
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CFO
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Commission on Filipinos Overseas
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DFA
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Department of Foreign Affairs
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DOLE
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Department of Labor and Employment
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FIES
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Family Income and Expenditures Survey
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LFS
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Labor Force Survey
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NEDA
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National Economic and Development Authority
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NSCB
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National Statistical Coordination Board
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NSO
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National Statistics Office
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OFW
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Overseas Filipino Worker(s)
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OFs
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Overseas Filipinos
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OWWA
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Overseas Workers Welfare Administration
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POEA
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Philippine Overseas Employment Administration
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SOF
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Survey on Overseas Filipinos
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